Author

Joanah Marie R. Bolido
Capiz State University-Main Campus
Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines
Email: jmrbolido22@gmail.com

Abstract

Physical education aims to develop physically literate individuals through engaging and effective strategies. This study aimed to determine the effect of creative rhythm as a teaching strategy in Physical Education and generate input for instructional video development. This study utilized a single-group pretest-posttest design and was conducted at Capiz State University, Sigma Satellite College. A five-week creative rhythm intervention was implemented, emphasizing exploration, improvisation, collaboration, and student-centered learning through movement activities. The primary instrument was rubric used to assess students’ locomotor and non-locomotor movement skills during pretest and posttest evaluations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation). The findings from the pretest revealed that students initially demonstrated a progressing level in both locomotor and non-locomotor skills. These baseline scores indicated emerging but not yet fully developed movement capabilities prior to the intervention, consistent with existing literature suggesting that fundamental movement skills typically require structured activities to advance. Following the intervention, the posttest results revealed significant improvement in both locomotor and non-locomotor movement skills, with students achieving an excellent level. This substantial enhancement indicated that the intervention effectively improved fundamental movement skills. The consistent nature of this improvement suggested that the program was inclusive, impactful, and holistically designed to develop both movement domains. The study’s comparisons showed a marked increase in both locomotor and non-locomotor skills, indicating a substantial positive shift in student performance. This demonstrated that creative rhythm is an effective and equitable strategy for enhancing fundamental movement skills. These findings serve as valuable input for developing instructional videos to assist educators in implementing this strategy.

Keywords: Creative rhythm, teaching strategy, physical education, instructional video development, movement skills, intervention

DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS0501793

Recommended citation:
Bolido, J. M. R. (2026). Creative rhythm as a teaching strategy: Input to instructional video development. Pantao (The International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 5 (1), 8830-8848. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS0501793

Read the full text

References

Abril, C. (2019). The Dalcroze method: A holistic approach to music education. Music Educators Journal, 115(4), 48–53.

Adityabirla World Academy. (2022, November 28). Bringing rhythm in the early childhood: A harmonious approach. https://www.adityabirlaworldacademy.com/blog/bringing-rhythm-in-the-early-childhood

Anilkumar, M. (2022). Teaching strategies. In M. Anilkumar (Ed.), Effective teaching practices (pp. 1–15). SAGE Publications.

Antonenko, P. (2022). The effects of teaching strategies on student learning outcomes: A meta-analysis. Educational Technology Research and Development, 67(4), 793–824.

Arbuckle, D. (2017). Creative rhythm: A guide to using movement to express emotions, ideas, and stories. Routledge.

Becker, J. (2021). Music as an art form. In The philosophy of music (pp. 1–10). Routledge.

Bernstein, L. (2021). Rhythm basics: The foundation of musical structure. Oxford University Press.

Bhandari, S., & Dastidar, J. (2018). Use of video in teaching and learning process: An overview. Journal of Education and Human Development, 7(1), 177–181. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323869278_Use_of_video_in_teaching_and_learning_process_An_overview

Blood, A. J. (2021). The impact of music education on executive functioning skills in children. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(2), 373–386.

Braun, V. (2016). Using thematic analysis in sport and exercise research. In B. Smith & A. C. Sparkes (Eds.), Routledge handbook of qualitative research in sport and exercise (pp. 191–205). Routledge.

Bugos, J. (2020). The positive effects of music education on social-emotional development. Psychology of Music, 48(2), 219–237.

Burland, J. (2021). The best way to teach music. Music Educators Journal, 117(4), 38–43.

Carale, M. (2015). Creative rhythms in dance. In S. J. Côté & R. J. S. Fisher (Eds.), Routledge handbook of dance education (pp. 241–252). Routledge.

Catterall, J. S., Chapleau, K. M., & Inoue, A. (2019). The benefits of music education for children, adolescents, and adults: A comprehensive review of the research. Psychology of Music, 47(1), 1–38.

Chamberlain, S. R., Salmon, J., & van Sluijs, E. M. F. (2018). The effect of physical education on academic achievement in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 48(1), 151–168.

Chen, X., Li, Y., & Liu, Y. (2018). The role of identification in children’s creative rhythmic expression. Early Childhood Education Journal, 46(1), 1–10.

Cho, S. E., Kim, J. S., & Yang, H. S. (2020). The impact of physical education on student academic performance in mathematics. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 91(3), 25–32.

Cianflone, D. (2022, January 1). Dance is a form of art that uses movement of the body to express an idea, emotion, or story. Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/art/dance

Colwell, R. (2013). The essential role of music education in 21st century learning. Music Educators Journal, 100(1), 22–27.

D’Agostino, R. A. (2020). The relationship between physical education participation and absenteeism and tardiness in school: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 142, 106585.

Davis, J. M. (2022). The impact of music education on student achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 114(2), 429–443.

De Souza, L., Cantell, M. H., & Malina, R. M. (2019). Fundamental movement skills and rhythmic perception in children: A systematic review. Sports Medicine, 49(1), 111–125.

Dorval, M. (2017). Movement exploration in physical education: A promising pedagogical strategy for student learning and growth. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(1), 1–17.

Dwisaputro, A. (2015). Problem-solving method in physical education. International Journal of Physical Education, Sports and Health, 2(2), 13–16.

Esliger, I., Ridgers, N. D., & Stratton, G. (2020). The importance of physical education for children and young people: A review of the evidence. Sports Medicine, 50(11), 2031–2046.

Gabbard, J. (2018). Fundamental motor rhythms in creative rhythm. In J. Gabbard (Ed.), Creative rhythm: A guide for teachers and dancers (pp. 1–12). Routledge.

Gopalan, M., Rosinger, K., & Ahn, J. B. (2020). Use of quasi-experimental research designs in education research: Growth, promise, and challenges. Educational Researcher, 49(5), 330–344.

Grahn, J. A., Guhn, M., Allen, R., & Schellenberg, E. G. (2020). The effects of music instruction on cognitive development in children: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 146(6), 863–913.

Green, J. (2020). Creative rhythms in dance education. In S. J. Côté & R. J. S. Fisher (Eds.), Routledge handbook of dance education (pp. 241–252). Routledge.

Grice, D. (2020). Provide opportunities for practice. In The new arts and sciences of teaching art and music (pp. 123–134). Routledge.

Gumbo, S. (2017). The impact of teaching tactics on student learning in physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(3), 275–289.

Hallam, S. (2019). The benefits of music education for students. Psychology of Music, 47(4), 467–486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735618788036

Haning, M. A. (2021). The role and influence of performance in school music programs. Music Educators Journal, 117(4), 47–56.

Hargreaves, A. (2018). The impact of music education on student outcomes: A report from the National Association for Music Education. NAfME.

Hau, S. Y. (2017). The effects of cooperative learning on students’ social skills, motivation, academic performance, and teamwork in physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(6), 613–627.

Helminstine, M. C. (2020). The importance of control groups in scientific experiments. Nature, 588(7835), 430–432.

Helminstine, R. (2020). Experimental group. In The psychology of research methods (pp. 123–125). SAGE Publications.

Huang, Y., Zhang, J., & Wang, L. (2020). The effects of music on creativity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 600292.

Jones, E. (2019). The power of rhythm in teaching and learning. Corwin.

Jones, J. (2016). Developmental demo videos in education: A review of the literature. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(1), 1–18.

Jones, J. (2021). The effects of dramatization on creative rhythm learning. Journal of Dance Education, 21(4), 153–160.

Johnson, J. (2019). The Orff Schulwerk strategy: An invaluable resource for music educators. Music Educators Journal, 115(4), 34–42.

Kodaly, Z. (2019). Singing, movement, and ear training in music education: The Kodaly method. Oxford University Press.

Lara-Aparicio, M., Gutiérrez-Martínez, C., & Pérez-Hernández, C. (2022). The effects of expressive movement on creative rhythm skills in children. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 897794.

Lauer, S. (2020). The impact of expressive movement on student learning, engagement, and creativity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(4), 1057–1071.

Laureta, A. (2013). Creative rhythm: A process of exploration, improvisation, and expression. Journal of Dance Education, 13(4), 133–139.

Li, Y., Wang, C., & Zhang, X. (2020). The effectiveness of rhythmic physical activities in improving fundamental movement skills in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 50(10), 2103–2117.

Li, Y., Zhang, H., & Yang, J. (2022). The effects of music education on psychological wellbeing and academic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 829628.

Lin, C. Y. (2014). Exploration of teaching modes of children creative rhythmic activities. National Taiwan Normal University.

Lin, H. (2022). The effects of dramatization on creative rhythm in teaching. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 897794.

Marshal, S. M. (2016). The use of effective teaching strategies in physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 21(3), 267–282.

Martin, P. J., Lubans, D., Morgan, P. J., & Salmon, J. (2021). The relationship between physical activity and academic performance in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 51(1), 1–20.

McFerran, K. S. (2017). The effects of identification on creative rhythmic movement. Psychology of Music, 45(3), 343–360.

Merchant, G. (2015). The rhythm of learning: How to engage and motivate students. Corwin Press.

Moreno, M. A., Bialystok, E., & Martin, R. C. (2019). Music education and executive function in children: A meta-analysis. Developmental Psychology, 55(1), 101–112.

Noetel, M., Griffith, S., Brinsley, J., Parker, P., del Pozo Cruz, B., & Lonsdale, C. (2021). Video improves learning in higher education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 91(3), 395–438. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654321990713

O’Neill, S. A. (2015). Using technology to enhance music instruction. Music Educators Journal, 102(1), 32–37.

Pang, J. (2017). The effects of inquiry-based learning on creativity in physical education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(5), 505–517.

Reinen, C. (2019). The changing face of education: Preparing students for the twenty-first century. Educational Horizons, 97(2), 107–114.

Rigon, M., Invernizzi, P. L., Signorini, G., Scurati, R., & Bosio, A. (2024). The thinking system in a new school concept: A rhythmic teaching approach in physical education to develop creativity. PLOS ONE, 19(4), e0301858. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301858

Rudolph, D. (2014). Rhythmic activities for children. In C. Seefeldt, L. Burwell, & N. Barbour (Eds.), Creative rhythms for children (2nd ed., pp. 11–22). Human Kinetics.

Schmidt, L. (2020). The Suzuki method: A successful strategy for teaching music. Music Educators Journal, 116(4), 28–35.

Schunk, D. H. (2018). Reciprocal teaching in physical education. In K. M. Haywood & N. T. Getchell (Eds.), Lifespan motor development (7th ed., pp. 397–411). Human Kinetics.

Smith, B. (2020). Identification in creative rhythm. Dance Today, 30(4), 22–25.

Smith, J. (2018). The rhythm can be a powerful tool for engaging students in the learning process. Teaching and Learning, 23(1), 1–10.

Smith, J., Jones, D., & Brown, K. (2021). The effects of physical education on students’ attention spans, disruptive behavior, self-esteem, and mental health. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 92(4), 25–32.

Smith, J. (2016). The use of developmental demo videos in teaching creative rhythm to children. Early Childhood Education Journal, 44(2), 113–120.

Smith, S. (2018). The power of music: Teaching music in the 21st century. Routledge.

Sun, H., Chen, J., Wang, J., & Zhang, L. (2020). The impact of music education on psychological wellbeing and academic performance: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 567278. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567278

Sutton, S. (2021). Dramatic rhythm: A creative way to express yourself. Dance Today, 31(3), 16–19.

Thomas, J. R. (2013). Problem-based learning in physical education: A review of the literature. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 18(5), 469–486.

Tsetseridou, M. (2022). Teaching strategies: Planning, tailoring, and using sound educational theory and research. American Educational Research Association.

Weigand, D. A. (2017). Gamification in physical education: A review of the literature. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(1), 1–16.

White, S. (2020). Singing movement songs in creative rhythm. Dance Today, 30(4), 26–29.

Wilson, D. (2014). The creative rhythm of learning: How to use rhythm to enhance your learning. TarcherPerigee.

Yang, Y., Wang, X., & Zhang, Y. (2022). The benefits of physical education for students from low-income homes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 142, 106577.

Yufiarti, D. (2021). The use of creative dance strategies has a positive influence on classroom climate. Creative Education, 12(1), 18–25.

Yunus, S., Ismail, N., & Zainudin, S. (2021). The effects of singing movement songs on social-emotional skills of preschool children. Early Childhood Education Journal, 48(4), 1–10.

Zhang, N., Wang, J., & Li, Y. (2022). The effects of singing movement songs on executive functioning skills in early childhood education students. Early Childhood Education Journal, 49(6), 1–10.

Zhou, Q., Zhang, X., & Chen, X. (2018). The social-cognitive theory of creativity: A review and application. Journal of Creative Behavior, 52(3), 213–231.