PANTAO

(International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences)

ISSN 3028-0877 | e-ISSN 3155-6043

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PANTAO, an International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences, with ISSN 3028-0877 | e-ISSN 3155-6043, is an annual journal that serves as a scholarly platform dedicated to the exploration and dissemination of research in the disciplines of humanities and social sciences.

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Instructional leadership and early grade learning program implementation in public elementary schools in Cabagan, Isabela, Philippines

Author

Cindy P. Cabaccan*
Northeastern College, Santiago City, Isabela, Philippines

Alma P. Gonzales, PhD
Northeastern College, Santiago City, Isabela, Philippines
E-mail: almagonzales@northeasterncollege.edu.ph

Abstract

Instructional leadership plays an important role in supporting teachers and improving early grade learning in public elementary schools. Nonetheless, limited local evidence shows how school heads’ instructional leadership practices relate to teachers’ implementation of early grade learning programs in Cabagan, Isabela. This study examined instructional leadership practices, the extent of program implementation, the challenges encountered by teachers, and the relationship between leadership practices and program implementation. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, involving 40 teachers handling Kindergarten to Grade 3 in selected public elementary schools. Data were gathered using a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed through frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The illustrative results showed high levels of instructional leadership and program implementation. Differences in pupils’ learning abilities emerged as the main challenge. A significant positive relationship was also found between instructional leadership and program implementation. The study recommends strengthening teacher development, instructional resources, and school-based support for early grade learning.

Keywords:  Instructional leadership, early grade learning, program implementation, public elementary schools, Cabagan.

*Corresponding author
DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05041636

Recommended citation:
Cabaccan, C. P., & Gonzales, A. P. (2026). Instructional leadership and early grade learning program implementation in public elementary schools in Cabagan, Isabela, Philippines. Pantao (International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 5 (4), 932-938. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05041636

Read the full text

1636 – Cabaccan & Gonzales – Instructional leadership and early grade learning program implementation in public elementary schools in Cabagan, Isabela, PhilippinesDownload

References

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