Author

Reyno B. Pioquid*
Filamer Christian University, Inc., Roxas City, Capiz, Philippines

Abstract

This survey-correlational research explored the level of importance of visual learning tools and the learning development of hearing-impaired learners during the 2025-2026 academic year. Thirty-six (36) learners with hearing impairments from Kalibo Integrated Special Education Center and Kalibo Pilot Elementary School participated in the study, which aimed to answer twenty-two specific questions regarding the importance of visual learning tools and twenty-six questions regarding the learning development of hearing-impaired learners. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, validated by two experts in inclusive education and an English critic. Following validation, the questionnaire was finally tested with the same thirty-six (36) learners from Kalibo Integrated Special Education Center and Kalibo Pilot Elementary School. Factor analysis, construct validation, and reliability testing were conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The independent variable was the level of importance of visual learning tools, while the dependent variable was the level of learning development of hearing-impaired learners. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were employed for data analysis, with a significance level set at 0.05. The level of importance of visual learning tools and their impact on the learning development of hearing-impaired learners. Additionally, a significant relationship between visual learning tools and the learning development of hearing impaired learners was found.

Keywords: Visual learning tools, hearing-impaired learners, learning development, inclusive education, Pearson correlation.

*Corresponding author/ Email: bonbonpioquid@gmail.com
DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021034

Recommended citation:
Pioquid, R. B. (2026). Importance of Visual Learning Tools and Learning Development of Hearing Impaired Learners. Pantao (The International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 5 (2), 2167-2183. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021034

Read the full text

References

AEM Center. (2020). The potential benefits of accessible digital learning materials for students who are deaf or hard of hearing. Retrieved 09.25.2025 from https://aem.cast.org/binaries/content/assets/common/publications/aem/deaf-hardofhearing-digital-2020.pdf

Akay, E. (2021). The use of audio-visual materials in the social studies course for 4th-grade students with hearing loss. Retrieved 09.26.2025 from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1309389.pdf

Almalhy, K. M. (2022). Effect of video tutorial delivery method on D/HH students’ content comprehension. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Retrieved 11.03.2025 from 872946. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.872946

Alshawabkeh, A. A., Woolsey, M. L., & Kharbat, F. F. (2021). Using online information technology for deaf students during COVID-19: A closer look from experience. Retrieved 11.03.2025 from e06915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06915

Anwar, R., Elbashir, A. M., Magdy, R., Ahmad, Z., & Al-Thani, N. J. (2024). Effectiveness of STEM-based workshop for deaf education: Exploratory study. Retrieved 11.03.2025 from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36012

Bhandari, P. (2021). Correlational Research | When & How to Use. Retrieved 11.14.2025 from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/correlational-research/

Bhat, A. (2018). Descriptive Correlational: Descriptive vs Correlational Research. Retrieved 11.09.2025 from https://www.questionpro.com/blog/descriptive-research-vs-correlational-research/

Canada, M. H. (2021). Richard Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. McGraw-Hill Canada. Retrieved 10.01.2025 from https://www.mheducation.ca/blog/richard-mayers-cognitive-theory-of-multimedia-learning

Canonizado, I. C. (2020). A Closer Look at Descriptive Correlational Method of Research. Retrieved 11.09.2025 from https://discover.hubpages.com/education/A-Closer-Look-at-Descriptive-Correlational-Method-of-Research/

Cheng, S., Cheng, H., Su, S., Lu, M., Masud, S., Wang, Q., & Huang, Y. (2024). Motion design principles for accessible video-based learning: Addressing cognitive challenges for Deaf and Hard of Hearing learners. Retrieved 11.27.2025 from https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.00196

Dumitru, C. & Bucuroiu, F. (2021). The Use of Visual Aids (Printed or Digital Format) In Language Teaching Activities to Primary School Students in Romania. Retrieved 09.28.2025 https://ideas.repec.org/a/edt/jsserr/v8y2021i1p141-159.html

Francisco, R., & Padilla, R. (2023). Visualizing a framework in teaching literacy to Filipino deaf students in multimodal learning spaces. Retrieved 09.25.2025 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380686783

Geneta, G. C. (2020). Parents’ preparedness in handling the learners with hearing and visual impairment: Basis for Parents’ Learning Action Cell (Unpublished manuscript). Maria Aurora Central School. DepEd e-Saliksik.  Retrieved 09.28.2025 from https://e-saliksik.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/III_2020_Geneta_Parents-Preparedness-in-Handling-the-Learners-with-Hearing-and-Visual-Impairment.docx.pdf

Groh, K. (2025, September 16). Learning and development fundamentals. Valamis. Retrieved 09.28.2025 from https://www.valamis.com/hub/learning-and-development

International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), 2015. Retrieved 11.16.2025 from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/survey-research.

Kanellopoulou, C., Kermanidis, K. L., & Giannakoulopoulos, A. (2019). The Dual-Coding and Multimedia Learning Theories: Film Subtitles as a vocabulary teaching tool. Education Sciences. Retrieved 09.29.2025 from https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030210

Khasawneh, M. A. S. (2023). The use of video as media in distance learning for deaf students. Contemporary Educational Technology. Retrieved 11.03.2025 from ep418. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/13012

Marschark, M., et al. (2016). Don’t assume deaf students are visual learners. Retrieved 09.27.2025 from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5362161/

Marschark, M., Shaver, D. M., Nagle, K. M., & Newman, L. A. (2014). Are deaf students visual learners? Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. Retrieved 11.03.2025 from 143–153. https://doi.org/10.1093/deafed/ent044

Mat Yasin, M., & Mohamad, M. (2024). The use of visual aids to improve deaf students’ English vocabulary: A literature review.  Retrieved 09.25.2025 from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377994111

Mayer, R. E. (2024). The past, present, and future of the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. Educational Psychology Review. 10.01.2025 from https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09842-1

McCombes, S.  (2019). Survey Research | Definition, Examples & Methods.  Retrieved 11.13.2024 from https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/survey-research/

Molapisi, G., & Phasha, N. (2024). Inclusion of learners with mild hearing impairments: Teachers’ views on their language, social and academic development. South African Journal of Education. Retrieved 11.04.2025 from https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v44ns1a2503

Niksiar, N., Özverir, İ., & Meghdari, A. F. (2025). The effectiveness of an authentic e-learning environment for deaf learners. Applied Sciences. Retrieved 11.04.2025 from https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/3/1568

Papastratis, I., Chatzikonstantinou, A., & Vergados, D. D. (2021). Artificial intelligence technologies for sign language: A survey.  Retrieved 11.04.2025 from https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/17/5843

Republic Act No. 11650. (2022). Inclusive education for learners with disabilities. Retrieved 09.27.2025 from https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2022/ra_11650_2022.html

Republic Act No. 7277. (1992). Magna Carta for disabled persons. Retrieved 09.27.2025 from https://ncda.gov.ph/disability-laws/republic-acts/republic-act-7277/

Rodrigues, F. M., Rato, J. R., Mineiro, A., & Holmström, I. (2022). Unveiling teachers’ beliefs on visual cognition and learning styles of deaf and hard of hearing students: A Portuguese-Swedish study.  Retrieved 11.05.2025 from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263216

Rodríguez-Correa, P. A., Valencia-Arias, N., & Arias-Rodríguez, J. (2023). Benefits and development of assistive technologies for deaf people’s communication: A systematic review. Frontiers in Education. Retrieved 11.05.2025 from https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1121597

Skyer, M. E. (2023). Visual Tools Make Teaching More Effective and Fun. Retrieved 09.29.2025 from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1408415.pdf

Staff, S. (2025). What is digital media | Types, importance, and applications. Sessions College. Retrieved 09-29.2025 from https://www.sessions.edu/notes-on-design/what-is-digital- media/

Structural Learning. (2023). Dual Coding: A Teacher’s guide. Retrieved 10.01.2025 from https://www.structural-learning.com/post/dual-coding-a-teachers-guide

Weber, J., Hayward, D., Skyer, M. E., & Snively, S. (2025). Applied deaf aesthetics toward transforming deaf higher education. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education. Retrieved 11.06.2025 from https://doi.org/10.1093/jdsde/enae050

World Health Organization. (2023). Deafness and hearing loss. Retrieved 09.29.2025 from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss

Yeshaswi, G. (2024). What is Correlational Research? Retrieved 11.15.2024 from https://www.entropik.io/blogs/what-is-correlational-research