Author
Precious A. Tanding*
Kalinga State University, Tabuk City, Philippines
Abstract
This study assessed the financial performance of university-based Income Generating Projects at Kalinga State University and Apayao State College as basis for a sustainability framework. Using a descriptive-correlational design, data were gathered from 71 respondents through a validated five-point Likert scale questionnaire and documentary analysis of financial records from 2022 to 2024. Results showed satisfactory overall financial performance with a grand mean of 3.97, with Financial Efficiency as the highest dimension at 4.01 and Financial Sustainability the lowest at 3.93. No significant difference was found among the four dimensions (F = 1.225, p = .307). Financial management challenges were rated less serious (M = 3.44), while factors affecting performance were strongly agreed upon (M = 4.66), with financial monitoring, budgeting, and strategic management as the top drivers. Pearson correlation confirmed a significant positive relationship between financial management practices and performance (r = .264, p = .026). Three-year trend data showed both institutions closing 2024 with profitability ratios above 17 percent. Based on these findings, the AGOS Framework was developed, standing for Accountability-Governed Operational Sustainability, offering State Universities and Colleges a practical, results-based model for strengthening the long-term financial viability of their income-generating enterprises.
Keywords: Financial performance, income-generating projects, state universities and colleges, financial sustainability, AGOS framework, higher education financing, Philippines.
*Corresponding author / Email: patanding@ksu.edu.ph
DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021237
Recommended citation:
Tanding, P. A. (2026). Financial performance of university-based income-generating projects: Basis for a sustainability framework for state universities and colleges. Pantao (International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 5 (2), 5666-5685. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021237
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