Authors

Apple R. Ancheta*
Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Nilda O. Babaran
Isabela State University, Echague, Isabela, Philippines

Abstract

This study examined the leadership challenges, strategies, and support mechanisms of 154 Sangguniang Kabataan officials in Maddela, Quirino as a basis for developing a comprehensive leadership monitoring tool. Anchored on the Input Process Output framework, the study employed a concurrent embedded mixed methods design. Data were collected using a validated researcher developed questionnaire consisting of 75 Likert scale items and two open ended questions, with a Cronbach alpha of 0.71 indicating acceptable internal consistency. Quantitative data were analyzed using weighted mean, standard deviation, and rank order analysis, while qualitative data were treated using the six-phase thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke (2006). Findings revealed that respondents experienced leadership challenges across all governance dimensions, particularly in program implementation and community engagement, yet reported the use of generally effective strategies, although mentorship and external feedback were less utilized. The primary contributing factors were lack of leadership training and insufficient mentorship, indicating systemic concerns. Respondents rated themselves as highly capable while also reporting high levels of challenges, suggesting a gap between perceived capability and actual experience. All proposed domains of the monitoring tool were considered very important, with emphasis on personal leadership skills. Thematic analysis identified the need for multidimensional performance indicators, inclusive feedback mechanisms, outcome-based evaluation, regular monitoring, and continuous self-reflection. Based on these findings, the Sangguniang Kabataan Leadership Monitoring Tool was developed as a five domain, 25 indicator instruments intended for quarterly implementation. The study concludes that leadership challenges are largely systemic and recommends structured training, formal mentorship, and institutional adoption of the monitoring tool to enhance youth governance.

Keywords: Sangguniang Kabataan, leadership challenges, leadership opportunities, youth governance, leadership monitoring tool.

*Corresponding author / Email Adress: apple.respicio@deped.gov.ph
DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021090

Recommended citation:
Ancheta, A. R., & Babaran, N. O. (2026). Leadership challenges and opportunities among Sangguniang Kabataan officials towards the development of a leadership monitoring tool. Pantao (The International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 5 (2), 3242-3263. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS05021090

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