Authors

Marlo S. Imbong*
Lo-ok Senior High School
Caltex Road, Looc, Lapu-Lapu City
Email: marlo.imbong@deped.gov.ph

Regina P. Galigao
Cebu Technological University – Main Campus
M.J. Cuenco Cebu Cit, Philippines
Email: reginpgaligao@yahoo.com

Grethel F. Desales
Langtad Elementary School
Langtad, City of Naga, Cebu
Email: grethel.desales@deped.gov.ph

Rolando R. De Guzman III
Lahug National Highschool -Night
Gorrordo Avenue Lahug, Cebu City
Email: rdg_31978l@yahoo.com

Abstract

A persistent and global challenge in education is the gap between intended curriculum policy and actual classroom practice. This study argues that successful implementation hinges on three interconnected support structures: high-quality teacher professional development, equitable resource allocation, and coherent leadership and policy. Through a qualitative comparative analysis of literature and case studies from six continents, this research examines how these structures are conceptualized and operationalized in diverse contexts. The findings reveal that effective systems synergistically integrate these three pillars into a cohesive support architecture, whereas struggling systems treat them in isolation. Crucially, the study identifies that equitable resource distribution and contextually adaptive leadership are fundamental to translating professional development and policy into sustainable practice. The research concludes that there is no universal blueprint; instead, bridging the implementation gap requires diagnostically building and aligning these support structures to address the specific constraints and needs of each educational context.

Keywords: Curriculum implementation, educational policy, teacher professional development, resource allocation, educational leadership, comparative education, educational change, equity in education

*Corresponding author

DOI: http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS0404657

Recommended citation: Imbong, M. S., Galigao, R. P., Desales, G. F., & De Guzman III, R. R. (2025). Structures of support for curriculum implementation: A comparative view across continents. Pantao (The International Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences) 4 (4), 7186-7200. http://doi.org/10.69651/PIJHSS0404657

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